According to the lawsuit, Koons has paid just under $310,600 in child support since 1998.
A representative for Manhattan-based Koons was not immediately available for comment.
The couple married in 1991, and their son was born the next year. They divorced in 1994, and Staller took their son to Italy. In 1998, an Italian court confirmed their divorce. Koons was originally awarded custody of their son, but custody was later given to Staller. Koons then was ordered to pay $2,330 per month in child support by the Italian court in 1998.
A one-time Wall Street commodities broker, Koons became a world-renowned artist in the 1980s. His artworks include "Made in Heaven," a series of paintings and sculptures showing Koons and Staller having sex, exhibited the year they got married.
Staller, who made her last adult film in 1992, has been active in Italian politics since the late 1970s, and was elected to the Italian parliament in 1987.
Last November, Koons' 3,500-pound sculpture "Hanging Heart (Magenta/Gold)" sold at Sotheby's for $23,561,000, establishing a record for any living artist's work at auction.